(London)

Pretty much since the day it happened, the prospect of a second Brexit referendum has loomed large. Now, almost 2.5 years since the initial vote, it is becoming closer to reality. PM May’s universally panned Brexit deal with the EU is adding weight to efforts to hold another vote. A conservative MP (same party as Theresa May) has proposed a new vote in May, saying it would only take 22 weeks to prepare. The vote would have three options—stay in the EU, accept the May plan, or leave without a deal.

FINSUM: Critics of a second referendum argue that it is undemocratic to not abide the first vote. However, the action of leaving the EU is unprecedented, and the deal that Britain could get from the EU was completely unknown, so in our view, holding second referendum to decide on the actual terms is actually the most democratic option.

(New York)

One of the pillars of this nearly decade-long bull market has been the growing profits of US corporations. US stocks have seen their profit margins rise steadily since 2009 and are around a record mark of 10%. Analysts continue to forecast growth to around 12% in 2020. At the beginning of the 1990s, margins were just half of now. However, this narrative is fraught as just 10 stocks account for around 50% of all the margin growth in the S&P 500 since 2009. Those stocks? All tech, unsurprisingly. But what it means is that many other companies are not as healthy as many assumed, and as we enter a tougher era for margins, including higher labor costs, increased input costs, and higher interest costs, there could be some steep falls.

FINSUM: We think this is a reason to worry, as when margins really start to fall on the back of higher rates and costs, investors are going to be very alarmed.

(New York)

The DOL’s fiduciary rule may be gone for now, but it is a long way from dead. The rule will be taking a new form in 2019, and even now, its spirit lives on in the form of a number of state-based fiduciary rules. One such is in New Jersey. However, Wall Street is putting up a massive fight to block the rule. Financial Advisor Magazine puts it this way, calling it a Battle Royale and saying it is “pitting the nation’s largest Wall Street and broker-dealer associations against comparatively tiny fiduciary advisor and financial planning associations”.

FINSUM: We think if NJ passed a comprehensive fiduciary rule, it would probably give momentum to not only the DOL, but a number of other states which are working towards this or are on the fence about it.

(New York)

REITs are an interesting sector at the moment. The real estate sector is obviously past peak, and rates are rising, a double whammy for REITs. The initial reaction for many would be “stay away”, however, there is some value to be had. One interesting area is in regional mall REITs, which have actually outperformed the S&P 500 this year. There is a lot of variation in quality between different regional malls, however. In particular, the performance is bifurcating between the very best malls and the rest, with the former thriving, and the rest lagging.

FINSUM: The US has 1,000 malls and some estimates say there is only enough demand to solidly support around 300. The ones that stick around, particularly the top 20, will likely do very well.

(New York)

Here is an interesting fact for investors—municipal bonds tend to hold up well during periods of rising rates. The underlying tax benefits of the bonds mean their demand is well insulated even in such periods. The question is where to commit capital. Well, year-end tax loss selling is creating some interesting opportunities in closed end muni funds, says BlackRock. Some funds are selling at significant discounts to the NAVs, sometimes 10% or more. These funds tend to bounce back in the new year, which is called the “January effect”. The discount to NAV allows one to gain even if the prices of the underlying assets don’t budge.

FINSUM: Closed end muni funds look like a great place for some bargaining hunting until the end of the year.

(Riyadh)

The oil market has been in an extremely rough patch over the last several weeks. Just a couple months ago, many were talking about the return of $100 oil. Suddenly, prices are just half that. The question is where is crude headed next. Well, the Saudis seem committed to keeping it weak, as the Kingdom, which leads OPEC, has just announced that it will not cut production. The catch is that it said it will not do so alone, which keeps the door open to another coordinated OPEC-wide cut, such as happened several months ago.

FINSUM: The big difference between a coordinated cut now and the one from a couple years ago is that the world looks much closer to recession a present, which means demand could flatten or fall even if output lowers. That means producers could lose revenue by cutting (instead of the difference being made up by price gains), which makes a big difference.

(New York)

On the whole retail has had an okay year, certainly much better than the rough period of 2017. Lately though, stocks in the sector have been suffering. Will that change? The good news is that the initial evidence about the performance of the current holiday shopping season looks promising. Black Friday sales were strong this year, which bodes well for seasonal shopping. 165m Americans shopped in-store or online during Thanksgiving weekend, more than surveys forecasted, and the average purchase size was over $300. Department stores seemed to be doing particularly well, as foot traffic was up almost 8% over last year.

FINSUM: We think this is going to be a good holiday season for retailers, but that probably won’t be enough to convince investors that the underlying issues have been resolved.

(Washington)

The Fiduciary Rule is supposed to be dead, right? Well that seems to be more of a myth than reality, as the rule has taken on a life of its own in many forms. Not only is the DOL planning to issue a second version of the rule in 2019, but many states are now creating out their own fiduciary rules. For instance, New Jersey is poised to become one of the first states to adopt a uniform fiduciary standard. Many others already have various fiduciary standards that were put in place after the demise of the first rule. Those that have or are considering changes incude Nevada, Connecticut, California, South Carolina, and South Dakota.

FINSUM: There is a definitely a strong fiduciary undercurrent slowly pushing across the country. However, some states have definitively ruled that a fiduciary relationship does not exist between a client and broker, including New York.

(San Francisco)

In what comes as an almost apocalyptic announcement for Apple investors, President Trump indicated yesterday that he may impose a tariff directly on iPhones. When asked about whether he would do so, Trump said “Maybe. Maybe. Depends on what the rate is … I mean, I can make it 10%, and people could stand that very easily”. One analyst summarized the development this way, saying “The Street will not be taking this news lightly as with the litany of bad news Apple (and its investors) have seen over the last month … this tariff threat on iPhones out of left field from Trump and Beltway will surely add to this white-knuckle period for Apple”.

FINSUM: We don’t think this will happen. If Trump tried to raise iPhone prices 10% he would likely have a popular revolt (from both sides of the aisle) on his hands. He certainly doesn’t want that.

(Detroit)

There have been a lot of recession indicators lately—the yield curve, slowing growth, the end of the tax cut boost. However, one that really catches the eye this week is GM’s massive job cuts. The company is shedding over 14,000 jobs across many states, including in Michigan, Maryland, and elsewhere. The cuts amount to 15% of its work force. The move comes in response to slowing sales and changing tastes. All of the plants being closed make parts for passenger cars, not the SUVs that have become much more popular with buyers.

FINSUM: This could either be the canary in the coalmine, or it could be a response to the very specific automation pressures that are hitting the car market.